ReviewInfection and drug resistance2026
Unraveling the Biology of Interferon-Stimulated Genes: Mechanisms, Functions, and Clinical Implications.
Review in Infection and drug resistance, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Immune exhaustion in esophageal cancer: interferon pathway dysregulation and neoadjuvant therapy response.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) constitute a central component of host defense, orchestrating antiviral, antibacterial, immunoregulatory, and cell fate-modulating responses. Traditionally recognized for their roles in restricting viral replication through well-characterized effectors such as Mx proteins, OAS, PKR, and the IFIT/IFITM families, ISGs are now understood to possess broader biological functions. Emerging evidence reveals their involvement in host-microbe interactions, tumor immunosurveillance, metabolic regulation, autophagy, and tissue repair. These diverse activities position ISGs as context-dependent immune regulators rather than mere antiviral effectors. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the canonical and noncanonical functions of representative ISG families, highlights their regulatory networks and evolutionary origins, and discusses their relevance to infectious, inflammatory, and malignant diseases. We further examine the therapeutic potential of targeting ISG pathways and explore their utility as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment stratification. By integrating mechanistic insights with translational perspectives, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of ISGs as dynamic mediators at the interface of immunity, infection, and disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.