Comparison of Serum NLR, IL-10 and SAA Expression Levels in Patients with Intestinal Fistula Complicated by Abdominal Infection and Study on Risk Factors for Poor Prognosis.

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to investigate the expression levels of serum NLR, IL-10 and SAA, as well as risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with intestinal fistula complicated by abdominal infection. Patients and Methods: From May 2018 to January 2025, 80 intestinal fistula patients admitted to our hospital and 36 healthy physical examinees during the same period were enrolled. Patients were divided into intestinal fistula group and intestinal fistula with abdominal infection group; the latter was further subdivided into good and poor prognosis subgroups based on hospitalization and follow-up outcomes. Serum NLR, IL-10 and SAA levels were detected before and after treatment. Logistic multiple regression was used to analyze poor prognosis-related factors, and ROC curves to evaluate the predictive value of single and combined indicators for poor prognosis in intestinal fistula patients with abdominal infection. Results: NLR, IL-10 and SAA were significantly higher in intestinal fistula group than controls (P<0.05), and higher in co-infection group than fistula-only group (all P<0.05). Both groups showed post-treatment level reductions (all P<0.05), but co-infection group still had higher levels (all P<0.05). The three indicators were independent poor prognosis factors (all P<0.05). Combined detection had AUC 0.970, sensitivity 0.997 and specificity 0.929. Conclusion: Serum NLR, IL-10 and SAA are significantly elevated in intestinal fistula with abdominal infection, serving as independent prognostic factors. Their combined detection has high predictive value for poor prognosis.