Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41858934›Full record

ArticleRSC advances2026

Assessment of the efficacy of agarose and agarose augmented with zinc oxide, carbon dots, and graphitic carbon nitride nanostructures in the restoration of historic tintype.

Hadeer M ElDeeb, Mona F Ali, Maha A Ali, Nasser N Morgan, Ahmed N Emam

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in RSC advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Hadeer M ElDeebConservation Department, Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University Giza Egypt hadeermamdouh010@gmail.com hadeermamdouh010@cu.edu.eg.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5292-597X
Mona F AliConservation Department, Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University Giza Egypt hadeermamdouh010@gmail.com hadeermamdouh010@cu.edu.eg.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6631-5003
Maha A AliConservation Department, Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University Giza Egypt hadeermamdouh010@gmail.com hadeermamdouh010@cu.edu.eg.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4687-4569
Nasser N MorganPhysics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt.
Ahmed N EmamRefractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, Advanced Materials Technology & Mineral Resources Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC) El Bohouth St., Dokki 12622 Cairo Egypt ahmed.gsc.ndp@gmail.com an.emam@nrc.sci.eg.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4762-1600

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tintype photographs, a popular medium in the 19th century, provide valuable cultural and historical records. However, they are frequently at risk due to surface contaminants, such as soot and dust, which compromise both the visual appearance and the chemical stability of tintypes. The sheet-like nature of tintypes makes them highly susceptible to damage from conventional cleaning methods, which can cause scratching and result in partial loss of the image layer. The present work evaluated efficiency of various cleaning techniques, including swab cleaning, agarose gel, and nanomaterial‑modified agarose gels incorporating zinc oxide (ZnO), carbon dots (CDots), and graphitic carbon nitride (g‑C

Identifiers

PMID41858934
PMCPMC12997417

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.