SynthesisInternational journal of nanomedicine2026
Extracellular Vesicles as Emerging Drug Delivery Platforms in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in International journal of nanomedicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Multifaceted Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Triple Negative Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Latest advances in nanodrug delivery systems for modulating the immune microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Advances in Drug Delivery Systems for Breast Cancer: From Microenvironment Barriers and Smart Carriers to Clinical Translation Strategies.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy among women, with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) being the most aggressive subtype. The lack of standard targeted therapies necessitates reliance on chemotherapy, which often suffers from poor targeting and significant off-target toxicity. This systematic review evaluates the therapeutic potential of drug delivery systems based on extracellular vesicles (EVs) for TNBC using 17 studies from 2020 to 2024 published in Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. The review discusses the diverse therapeutic cargos delivered by EVs, including chemotherapeutic agents and nucleic acids, while emphasizing the need for standardized protocols to facilitate EV isolation and characterization. Key findings provide both in vitro and in vivo evidence of the efficacy of EV-based therapies against TNBC cell lines and animal models, alongside insights into engineering strategies that enhance targeting specificity. Despite the promising findings, challenges remain in clinical translation, such as technical limitations and inconsistent reporting. The results underscore the potential of EVs to revolutionize TNBC treatment strategies, paving the way for more effective therapeutic options.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.