ArticleOncology letters2026
Long-term effects of using pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor following chemotherapy: A real-world study on patients with ovarian cancer.
Article in Oncology letters, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (PEG-rhG-CSF) is recommended for the prevention of neutropenia during chemotherapy for gynecological tumors. However, its long-term safety is still worth exploring. The present study aimed to explore the long-term effects of the prophylactic use of PEG-rhG-CSF on neutrophils following the completion of first-line chemotherapy during poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) maintenance therapy in patients with ovarian cancer. In the present retrospective cohort study, patients were categorized according to whether or not they received prophylactic injections of PEG-rhG-CSF at 24-48 h after the completion of first-line chemotherapy (prophylactic group vs. non-prophylactic group). The primary outcomes were changes in neutrophil and leukocyte levels in both groups. The Mann-Whitney U test with Benjamini-Hochberg correction was used to compare data between the two groups at different time points, and statistical significance for this analysis was defined as a corrected P-value below the adjusted significance threshold (leukocytes, P<0.08; neutrophils, P<0.06; hemoglobin, P<0.04; and platelets, P<0.02). Multivariate linear regression was used to analyze the independent factors influencing the primary outcomes, for which a two-sided P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The time points observed were at 1, 2, 3 and 6 months, and 1 year following the administration of PARPi. Of the 53 enrolled patients, 20 were in the prophylactic group and 33 were in the non-prophylactic group. Compared with those in the non-prophylactic group, the leukocyte counts in the prophylactic group were significantly lower at 2 months, 6 months and 1 year (P<0.08), the neutrophil counts in the were significantly lower at 3 months and 1 year (P<0.06), and the hemoglobin concentration was significantly lower at 6 months (P<0.04). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that parity, pathological type and the prophylactic injection of PEG-rhG-CSF following first-line chemotherapy were independent factors influencing neutrophil and leukocyte counts in the first year following the administration of PARPi (P<0.05). The prophylactic injection of PEG-rhG-CSF reduced neutrophil and leukocyte counts by 2.181×10
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