ArticleMolecular plant pathology2026
Protein Language Model-Driven Optimisation of Antimicrobial Peptide Pth-Ca1 Against Pectobacterium brasiliense Using ESMFold-Predicted Structures and the ESM-3 Model.
Article in Molecular plant pathology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- AI-driven insights into protein misfolding and innate immunity in neurodegenerative diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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Abstract
The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to global health and food security. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), particularly those characterised by α-helical structures, represent a promising alternative due to their broad-spectrum activity and unique mechanisms of action. Pectobacterium brasiliense is a destructive bacterial pathogen affecting solanaceous crops but effective control measures remain insufficient. This study aims to optimise pseudothionin AMPs using AI-based protein language models, ESM-3 and ESMFold, to enhance their antibacterial efficacy. Using ESM-3, we generated multiple analogs of Pth-Ca1 with increased net charge, hydrophobicity and helical ratio. Among these, Design_1867 exhibited the strongest antibacterial activity against both Escherichia coli and P. brasiliense, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 31.25 μg/mL. Design_1867 was found to bind bacterial DNA and induce pore formation in bacterial membranes through a barrel-stave mechanism, similar to the reference peptide alamethicin. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analyses revealed the downregulation of key genes associated with membrane integrity and biofilm formation. In planta assays confirmed its efficacy and low cytotoxicity. This study demonstrates the successful application of ESM-3 and ESMFold for the rational design of highly effective AMPs. Design_1867 exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against P. brasiliense with minimal toxicity, underscoring the potential of AI-driven AMP optimisation for sustainable agricultural disease management.
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