ArticleJournal of biological engineering2026
In vitro electrical stimulation devices: practical framework for design, fabrication, and operation.
Article in Journal of biological engineering, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- An accessible and open-source workflow for fabrication of custom PDMS culture chambers using 3D printing.MethodsX · 2026Article
- A validated in vitro approach for low-frequency alternating-current stimulation of stem cells: From electrode characterization to biological responses.Protoplasma · 2026Article
- Parameter-resolved AC electrical stimulation links electrical system characteristics to early transcriptional responses in human stem cells.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundElectrical stimulation of cell culture systems has shown significant potential benefits, attracting growing interest in bioelectrical research and tissue engineering. However, implementing effective stimulation remains challenging due to the complexity of device design, protocol selection, and procedure standardization. Many biology-focused laboratories face a knowledge gap in electronics and electrochemistry, complicating the choice of circuits, electrode materials, and configurations, which often leads to a lack of reproducible and standardized protocols.
resultsWe present a comprehensive, step-by-step guide for developing a cost-effective, high-throughput, and adaptable in vitro electrical stimulation device containing platinum electrodes. The guide includes a method to develop standard operating protocol, maintenance instructions, and a practical example of device use. We describe an approach to design and approximate electrical stimulation protocols using electrochemical characterization and equivalent circuit modelling. All design files, circuit diagrams, component lists, measurements, and simulations are provided as open-access resources.
conclusionsThis work offers a fully replicable framework for implementing electrical stimulation in any laboratory with basic electronics and electrochemistry knowledge. By providing simulation tools, standardized protocols and accessible design resources, it addresses reproducibility challenges and facilitates broader adoption of bioelectrical stimulation in cell culture research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.