Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41857641›Full record

Trial reportMalaria journal2026

Population pharmacokinetics of fosmidomycin and clindamycin in combination with artesunate for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Gabonese children and adults.

Christoph Pfaffendorf, Jean Claude Dejon-Agobé, Jean Ronald Edoa, Oumou Maïga-Ascofaré, Ebenezer Ahenkan, Ayôla Akim Adegnika, Michael Ramharter, Sebastian G Wicha, Johannes Mischlinger

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Malaria journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Christoph PfaffendorfDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146, Hamburg, Germany.
Jean Claude Dejon-AgobéCentre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon.
Jean Ronald EdoaCentre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon.
Oumou Maïga-AscofaréKumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine, Kumasi, Ghana.
Ebenezer AhenkanKumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine, Kumasi, Ghana.
Ayôla Akim AdegnikaCentre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon.
Michael RamharterCenter for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine and I., Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Sebastian G WichaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146, Hamburg, Germany. sebastian.wicha@uni-hamburg.de.
Johannes MischlingerCenter for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine and I., Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

Funding

EDCTP2 ASAAP RIA2017MC-2022German Center for infection Research TTU 03.709
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe increasing prevalence of artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria highlights the urgent need for new, effective treatment strategies. The combination of fosmidomycin and clindamycin has shown promise, but further investigation is required, particularly regarding its pharmacokinetics. This study aimed to develop population pharmacokinetic models for fosmidomycin and clindamycin administered alongside artesunate, to evaluate the adequacy of weight-based dosing in children and adults with uncomplicated malaria and to identify relevant covariates influencing drug disposition.

methodsThis analysis was conducted within an open-label, randomized clinical trial in Lambaréné, Gabon. Forty patients aged 3-57 years with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria received an oral combination of artesunate (2 mg/kg), fosmidomycin (30 mg/kg), and clindamycin (10 mg/kg) administered every 12 h for three days. Plasma samples were collected at various time points and analyzed via LC-MS/MS. Population pharmacokinetic models for fosmidomycin and clindamycin were developed using non-linear mixed-effects modeling to characterize drug exposure and identify significant covariates.

resultsPharmacokinetic data were best described by one-compartment models with first-order absorption for both drugs. Allometric scaling based on body weight was a significant covariate influencing clearance and volume of distribution for both fosmidomycin and clindamycin. Notably, body temperature was identified as a significant covariate affecting fosmidomycin clearance. Dosing based on body weight resulted in consistent exposure (AUCτ) of fosmidomycin across all age groups. However, clindamycin exposure was substantially lower in children under 12 years of age compared to older patients.

conclusionWe successfully developed robust population pharmacokinetic models for both fosmidomycin and clindamycin. These models confirmed that body weight is a key determinant of drug disposition for both agents, and that body temperature influences fosmidomycin clearance. While the current fosmidomycin dosing appears adequate across age groups, the standard 10 mg/kg dose of clindamycin results in lower exposure in young children compared to adolescence and adults. Dose simulation suggests that increasing clindamycin to 12 mg/kg in children under 35 kg would provide equal drug exposure in all age groups.

Indexed as

AntimalarialsArtemisininsArtesunateClindamycinFosfomycinMalaria, FalciparumAdolescentAdultChildChild, PreschoolDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleGabonHumansMaleMiddle AgedAntimalarialsArtemisininsArtesunateClindamycinFosfomycinfosmidomycinClindamycinFosmidomycinMalariaPharmacokineticsPharmacometrics

Identifiers

PMID41857641
PMCPMC13063642

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.