ArticleScientific reports2026
Prognostic impact of sarcopenia and blood biomarkers in advanced non-small cell lung cancer on first-line immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
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9 authors.
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Abstract
Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved outcomes in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the prognostic tools for programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), the only approved biomarker, remain limited. We comprehensively evaluated the prognostic impact of sarcopenia and various blood biomarkers in 74 NSCLC patients receiving first-line ICIs. Sarcopenia was diagnosed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Cytokines and myokines in peripheral blood samples were assessed using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and cytometric bead array, while lymphocyte subsets were characterized using flow cytometry. Sarcopenia group had significantly shorter progression-free survival (PFS) (P = 0.018). Sarcopenia was revealed as an independent poor prognostic factor for PFS (HR 2.63, 95% CI 1.19−5.8; P = 0.017). Patients with sarcopenia showed elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-15, and tumor necrosis factor). Furthermore, sarcopenia index and muscle mass were negatively correlated with exhausted CD8 + T cells (CD8 + TIGIT+). The sarcopenia with high TIGIT expression group exhibited the worst prognosis (HR 3.5, P = 0.0087). Sarcopenia, immune-related blood biomarkers and high TIGIT expression were identified as independent poor prognostic factors in advanced NSCLC patients receiving first-line ICI therapy.
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