Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41856762›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of sport science2026

Construct Validity and Reliability of a Virtual Reality Cricket Batting Simulator.

Oliver R Runswick, Mark Phillips, Jazmin Morrone, Jamie S North, Luke Wilkins

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of sport science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Oliver R RunswickDepartment of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0291-9059
Mark PhillipsCover Driver Cricket Ltd, Oxford, UK.
Jazmin MorroneSchool of Sport, Exercise and Applied Science, St Mary's University, London, UK.
Jamie S NorthSchool of Sport, Exercise and Applied Science, St Mary's University, London, UK.
Luke WilkinsSport, Performance, and Nutrition (SPAN) Research Group, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6735-1903

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Virtual reality technologies offer sports performance organisations new possibilities for measuring and enhancing performance. This is particularly the case in cricket where training is significantly constrained by weather and seasons, but game understanding is vital to high-level performance. Before implementation, new simulations need to be tested for construct validity to ensure the virtual environment accurately represents the real-world performance setting, and for reliability to ensure that improvements in performance can be accurately measured over time. Therefore, this study aimed to test the construct validity and reliability of a commercially available virtual reality cricket batting simulator. To test construct validity, we compared performance in the simulator across novice, club level, and elite performance pathway (EPP) cricket players. To test reliability novice and club participants completed the test four times across two separate days. Results supported construct validity through detecting differences in runs scored (p < 0.001) and wickets (p = 0.032) lost between the groups, however EPP and club players lost considerably more wickets than would be expected. Strong correlations and low bias between visits showed within- and between-day agreement and reliability. Results support the suitability of this VR simulator in measuring runs scored in cricket batting but suggests players may take more risks and lose more wickets in a virtual setting.

Indexed as

Athletic PerformanceComputer SimulationCricket SportVirtual RealityAdultHumansMaleReproducibility of ResultsYoung Adultcricketextended realitymotor skillreliabilityvalidityvirtual realityVRXR

Identifiers

PMID41856762
PMCPMC13140907

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.