Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41855090›Full record

ArticleMMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report2026

Early Detection and Surveillance of the SARS-CoV-2 Variant BA.3.2 - Worldwide, November 2024-February 2026.

Mila Shakya, Kevin C Ma, Laura J Hughes, Casey Smith, Lydia J Atherton, Alexandria B Boehm, Peter W Cook, Daniel M Cornforth, Meredith Gardner, Iryna V Goraichuk and 13 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Vaccines for COVID-19: Effectiveness and value.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Editorial: Emergence of Cicada (BA.3.2) SARS-CoV-2 and the Implications for COVID-19 Surveillance and Monitoring.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors.

Mila Shakya
Kevin C Ma
Laura J Hughes
Casey Smith
Lydia J Atherton
Alexandria B Boehm
Peter W Cook
Daniel M Cornforth
Meredith Gardner
Iryna V Goraichuk
Jennifer L Harcourt
Heather Hicks
Marc Johnson
Anna Kelleher
Heather E Reese
Susanna J Sabin
Teresa C Smith
Azaibi Tamin
Marlene K Wolfe
Benjamin J Silk
Clinton R Paden
Natalie Thornburg
Adam MacNeil

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 variant BA.3.2 was first identified in South Africa on November 22, 2024. BA.3.2 has approximately 70-75 substitutions and deletions in the gene sequence of the spike protein relative to JN.1 and its descendant, LP.8.1, the antigens used in the 2025-26 COVID-19 vaccines. CDC is using a multimodal SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance approach to monitor the emergence and spread of BA.3.2 and other SARS-CoV-2 variants internationally and within the United States. The first U.S. BA.3.2 detection occurred on June 27, 2025, through CDC's Traveler-Based Genomic Surveillance program in a participant traveling to the United States from the Netherlands. The first U.S. detection of BA.3.2 in a clinical specimen collected from a patient was reported on January 5, 2026. As of February 11, 2026, BA.3.2 had been detected in voluntarily self-collected nasal swabs from four U.S. travelers, clinical samples from five patients, three airplane wastewater samples, and 132 wastewater surveillance samples from 25 states. BA.3.2 has been reported by at least 23 countries. SARS-CoV-2 continues to cause substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. BA.3.2 mutations in the spike protein have the potential to reduce protection from a previous infection or vaccination. Continued genomic surveillance is needed to track SARS-CoV-2 evolution and determine its potential effect on public health.

Indexed as

COVID-19Global HealthPopulation SurveillanceSARS-CoV-2HumansUnited States

Identifiers

PMID41855090
PMCPMC13001989

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.