ArticleJournal of autism and developmental disorders2026
Emerging Discussions on Folinic Acid and Acetaminophen in Autism.
Article in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo provide a balanced update for clinicians and families on folinic acid (leucovorin) in autism and the evidence regarding prenatal acetaminophen (paracetamol) exposure.
methodsWe summarise key randomised trials of folinic acid and the most methodologically rigorous observational evidence on prenatal acetaminophen, with attention to study design and subgroup findings.
resultsSeveral small, randomised trials report short-term improvements in verbal or social communication with folinic acid. These effects appear stronger in biological subgroups, such as children with folate receptor autoantibodies (FRAA). However, the evidence remains limited due to small sample sizes, single-centre designs, and variable outcome measures. Notably, a randomised trial published in 2024 was retracted in January 2026, highlighting the need for caution regarding early findings. For acetaminophen, there is ongoing debate about its potential association with autism. A major Swedish cohort study using sibling control analysis (n = 2,480,797) found no association with autism, ADHD, or intellectual disability after adjusting for familial factors.
conclusionClear, evidence-based communication is essential to help families navigate emerging evidence without being misled by premature claims.
Indexed as
Identifiers
41854993What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.