ArticleSkin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI)2026
Enhanced Whitening Effect of the Formulations via Inhibition of Tyrosinase Activity by Combination of 4-n-Butylresorcinol, Licochalcone A and Glabridin at an Optimal Ratio.
Article in Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- A Narrative Review of the Multi-Target Mechanisms of Glabridin in Skin Lightening.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCompanies launch tons of skin-whitening products to cater to the consumer market. Though skin-whitening cosmeceuticals are continuously developing, most cosmeceuticals are used alone, there is very little academic research conducting investigations into the effect of skin-whitening cosmeceutical combinations.
objectiveIn this study, we aimed to screen out skin whitening agents and determine their optimal ratio to develop a formula with this combination. Further, to verify the skin whitening efficacy of blue light-induced in in vivo models with or without UV and clinical tests were performed. MATERIALS AND
methodsMolecular docking simulations were used to screen out the best combination of skin whitening agents when combined in different ratios. In vitro tyrosinase activity and melanin content experiments helped to verify the best ratio combination. Clinical trials were also conducted to confirm the skin whitening efficacy on human skin.
results4-n-butylresorcinol, licochalcone A, and glabridin exhibited stronger binding affinities to tyrosinase, and the best combination molar ratio is 5:1:1, which could inhibit both tyrosinase activity and melanin content in vitro. Further, the formulation containing this combination showed good skin whitening efficacy and could even prevent UVA and blue light-induced pigmentation.
conclusionThe 5:1:1 molar ratio of 4-n-butylresorcinol, licochalcone A, and glabridin was the best ratio that could inhibit both tyrosinase activity and melanin content. The formulation containing this ratio combination can enhance the skin whitening efficacy and also can prevent the UV and blue light induced skin pigmentation.
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Registered trials
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