Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41853488›Full record

ArticleNature reviews bioengineering2026

Bacteria as living biosensors for DNA.

Katherine O'Connor, Paige Steppe, Daniel Worthley, Jeff Hasty, Robert Cooper

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature reviews bioengineering, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Katherine O'ConnorDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093.
Paige SteppeDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093.
Daniel WorthleyColonoscopy Clinic, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
Jeff HastyDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093.
Robert CooperDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093.

Funding

Design and characterization of bacterial population dynamics in solid tumor modelsR01EB030134 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI HASTY, JEFF M, TSIMRING, LEV S · 2021 to 2024
$2.5M
Point-of-care DNA diagnostics from raw samplesR01EB037031 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Robert M Cooper · 2025 to 2026
$616k
DNA Recorder: Living biosensor for arbitrary DNAR21EB035772 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Robert M Cooper · 2024 to 2026
$564k
NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB030134NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB037031NIBIB NIH HHS R21 EB035772
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Living bacteria can serve as biosensors for the detection of DNA in vitro and in vivo, capitalizing on their inherent ability to take up and process foreign DNA. Such bactosensors can be engineered to analyze environmental DNA, down to the single base level, from unprocessed samples, and provide a detectable output, such as fluorescence, antibiotic resistance or therapeutic release. In this Review, we first outline design strategies for bactosensors, including genetic toolkits, such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated (Cas) systems, and applications in biomedicine, agriculture, food and water safety. Moreover, we examine chassis species, DNA uptake mechanisms, signal transduction and output strategies for bacterial biosensors intended for DNA analysis. We then consider performance metrics, including limit of detection, specificity and multiplexing, and provide a comparison between living and in vitro DNA biosensors for various applications, highlighting differences in sample processing, equipment, DNA integrity, theranostics and biocontainment.

Identifiers

PMID41853488
PMCPMC12995373

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.