ArticleFrontiers in oncology2026
Targeted and immunotherapy based on tissue of origin in carcinoma of unknown primary: a two-case report and literature review.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Patients with carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) generally have a poor prognosis due to the lack of effective treatment options resulting from unclear diagnosis. Determining the tumor type through tumor origin testing, followed by cancer-specific genetic testing and precision therapy, may potentially improve the prognosis of CUP patients. Case presentation: Case 1: A 44-year-old male patient presented to a local hospital with lower limb pain. A bone biopsy pathological report from our hospital indicated metastatic carcinoma in the bone lesion. The 90-gene expression analysis yielded a similarity score of 56.9, suggesting a high probability of lung cancer origin. Based on the genetic testing and combined with immunohistochemistry results, the diagnosis was metastatic adenocarcinoma. Subsequently, the bone biopsy tissue was tested for Epidermal growth factor receptor/Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase/ROS proto-oncogene 1 ( Conclusion: The two cases reported in this paper demonstrate that targeted and immune treatment plans based on the tissue of origin of the tumor can serve as a clinical option for patients with CUP. These findings may provide new information and references for clinical decision-making in the management of CUP.
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