Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41853230›Full record

ArticleADMET & DMPK2026

Novel stirring method for small-scale dissolution test: Rotating vessel method.

Shiori Ishida, Samuel Lee, Balint Sinko, Karl Box, Kiyohiko Sugano

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ADMET & DMPK, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Shiori IshidaMolecular Pharmaceutics Lab., College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1, Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.ORCID 0009-0007-4760-5006
Samuel LeePion Inc. (UK) Ltd. Forest Row Business Park, Station Road, East Sussex, RH18 5DW, United Kingdom.ORCID 0009-0005-4379-2807
Balint SinkoPion Inc. (UK) Ltd. Forest Row Business Park, Station Road, East Sussex, RH18 5DW, United Kingdom.ORCID 0009-0005-8256-4348
Karl BoxPion Inc. (UK) Ltd. Forest Row Business Park, Station Road, East Sussex, RH18 5DW, United Kingdom.
Kiyohiko SuganoMolecular Pharmaceutics Lab., College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1, Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-5652-1786

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background and purpose: In the compendial dissolution test, the overhead rotating paddle method (ORP) has been used for stirring, whereas the magnetic stirring bar method (MSB) has been employed for small-scale dissolution tests, such as the μDISS Profiler Experimental approach: In RV-μDISS, a small paddle (approximately 1/4 of the conventional paddle) was fixed to the UV probe, and the glass vessel was rotated to produce a flow pattern similar to that of ORP. The dissolution and bulk-phase precipitation tests were performed for ibuprofen sodium (IBU Na) and carbamazepine (CBZ), respectively, using RV-μDISS and MSB-μDISS, as well as ORP with the conventional vessel (500 mL, for IBU Na) (CV) or the mini-vessel (50 mL, for CBZ) (MV). Key results: The dissolution rate of IBU Na was similar in all methods. Rapid precipitation of crystalline IBU free acid was observed in the MSB-μDISS method. In contrast, no crystalline precipitation was observed in RV-μDISS and ORP-CV, and the drug phase-separated as a liquid (oil) phase (liquid-liquid phase separation). The precipitation rate of CBZ in RV-μDISS was similar to that in ORP-MV, but slower than that in MSB-μDISS. Conclusion: The precipitation profile in RV-μDISS was close to those in ORP-CV and ORP-MV. RV-μDISS would be a useful tool for the assessment of the precipitation profiles of drugs.

Indexed as

carbamazepineHydrodynamicsibuprofenmagnetic stirrerprecipitation

Identifiers

PMID41853230
PMCPMC12994599

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.