ArticleRSC advances2026
Green manufacturing of amoxicillin trihydrate: a malic acid-assisted crystallization framework enhanced by Taguchi-ANN optimization.
Article in RSC advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Industrial production of amoxicillin trihydrate (AMCT) often suffers from low yield, impurity inclusion, and inconsistent crystal morphology. This study introduces a scalable green crystallization strategy using malic acid as a biodegradable habit modifier, developed as part of an improved eco-friendly AMCT manufacturing framework. A hybrid optimization approach integrating Taguchi design with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) modeling was employed to capture both linear and nonlinear interactions among critical process variables. Multi-technique characterization (XRD, FTIR, DSC, BET, LC-MS) confirmed that malic acid preserves lattice integrity while substantially refining particle attributes, reducing crystallite size from 85.9 to 66.4 nm and increasing specific surface area from 5.27 to 11.07 m
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