Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41852616›Full record

ArticlePreventive medicine reports2026

Implementation and costs of a food insecurity resource navigation program for primary care patients with diabetes and hypertension in South Carolina.

Deeksha Gupta, Darin Thomas, Stella Self, Edward A Frongillo, Alain H Litwin, Joseph A Ewing, Lynnette Ramos-Gonzalez, A Caroline Rudisill

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Article in Preventive medicine reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Deeksha GuptaDepartment of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Darin ThomasAddiction Medicine Center, Prisma Health, 701 Grove Road, Greenville, SC 29605, USA.
Stella SelfDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Edward A FrongilloDepartment of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Alain H LitwinAddiction Medicine Center, Prisma Health, 701 Grove Road, Greenville, SC 29605, USA.
Joseph A EwingData Support Core, Prisma Health, 605 Grove Road, Greenville, SC 29605, USA.
Lynnette Ramos-GonzalezAccountable Communities, Prisma Health, 712 Grove Road, Greenville, SC 29605, USA.
A Caroline RudisillDepartment of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: To examine food insecurity resource navigation program costs and how navigation intensity relates to clinical outcomes, healthcare costs, and quality of life (QOL) for diabetes and/or hypertension patients. Methods: This retrospective study included patients receiving resource navigation (July 12, 2021-December 31, 2022 with twelve-month follow-up) across three primary care practices in South Carolina's largest health system. Participants were 18+ years old (from electronic medical records/Epic), had food insecurity (from Hunger Vital Sign™), and diabetes and/or hypertension (from Epic registries). Matched controls came from food insecurity screening-only practices. Patients in each group ( Results: Program costs (total = $29,752.91) primarily included case reviews ($19,809.25), navigation ($5,068.67), and training ($1,975.84), averaging $135.86 per patient. Navigation intensity was associated with twelve-month changes in HbA1c, BMI, QOL, primary, and inpatient charges. Conclusions: Navigation programs incur significant personnel time costs. Individuals with great healthcare needs may require intensive navigation.

Indexed as

Chronic diseasesHealth-related social needsImplementation costsQuality of lifeResource navigation

Identifiers

PMID41852616
PMCPMC12993333

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.