Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41851138›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Lysosome-targeting live attenuated influenza vaccines elicit robust and broad immunity in mice.

Jiawei Hao, Ping Wang, Quan Shen, Xuetong Xi, Le Tong, Jihuan Hou, Le Li, Qikai Wang, Chengyao Liu, Jing Li and 7 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Jiawei HaoState Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
Ping WangState Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
Quan ShenState Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
Xuetong XiState Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
Le TongState Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
Jihuan HouState Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
Le LiState Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
Qikai WangState Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
Chengyao LiuState Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
Jing LiState Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
Huafang ZhaoState Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
Qisi ZhangState Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.ORCID 0000-0002-1694-3404
Roberto PlebaniCenter for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
David ChouWyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1659-9308
Lihe ZhangState Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Demin ZhouState Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0339-0959
Longlong SiState Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China. ll.si@siat.ac.cn.ORCID 0000-0002-0504-1659

Funding

China Postdoctoral Science FoundationGuangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research FoundationGuangdong talents programNational Key R&D Program of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 82273837Prevention and Control of Emerging and Major Infectious Diseases-National Science and Technology Major ProjectShenzhen Medical Research FundShenzhen Science and Technology ProgramStrategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The lysosome is a cell's endogenous machinery responsible for degrading proteins. Here we describe two lysosome-targeting live attenuated vaccine approaches, LYTAR 1.0 and LYTAR 2.0, by harnessing the lysosome to conditionally degrade viral proteins of influenza virus. LYTAR 1.0 incorporates a conditionally removable lysosome-targeting motif at the N- or C-terminus of viral proteins. LYTAR 2.0 allows flexible placement of lysosome-targeting motifs at internal or terminal sites of viral proteins. The resulting lysosome-targeting vaccine strains are attenuated by lysosome-mediated viral protein degradation in conventional cells, while maintaining replication efficiencies comparable to the wild-type virus in producer cell lines. In mouse models, these vaccine candidates are attenuated, induce strong and broad adaptive immune responses, and provide cross-reactive protection against H1N1 and H3N2 influenza viral challenges. This study establishes a lysosome-targeting vaccine platform for developing safe and effective live attenuated vaccines.

Indexed as

Influenza VaccinesLysosomesOrthomyxoviridae InfectionsAnimalsAntibodies, ViralFemaleHumansInfluenza A Virus, H1N1 SubtypeInfluenza A Virus, H3N2 SubtypeInfluenza, HumanMiceMice, Inbred BALB CVaccines, AttenuatedViral ProteinsAntibodies, ViralInfluenza VaccinesVaccines, AttenuatedViral Proteins

Identifiers

PMID41851138
PMCPMC12999990

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.