Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41850754›Full record

ArticleLupus science & medicine2026

Genetic and phenotypic landscape of monogenic lupus: insights from an international cohort.

Sulaiman M Al-Mayouf, Vahid Ziaee, Nasim Movahedi, Mikhail Kostik, Raghad Alhuthil, Abdullah Alsonbul, Abdulrahman Asiri, Stefano Volpi, Marco Gattorno, Mahmoud Majeed and 6 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Lupus science & medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Sulaiman M Al-Mayouf *Pediatric Rheumatology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia almayoufsulaiman@yahoo.com.ORCID 0000-0003-0142-6698
Vahid ZiaeeChildren's Medical Center, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of).
Nasim MovahediSchool of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran (the Islamic Republic of).
Mikhail KostikSaint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Sankt Peterburg, Russian Federation.ORCID 0000-0002-1180-8086
Raghad AlhuthilPediatric Rheumatology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah AlsonbulPediatric Rheumatology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulrahman AsiriDepartment of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Medical Military City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Stefano VolpiUOC Reumatologia e Malattie Autoinfiammatorie, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
Marco GattornoUOC Reumatologia e Malattie Autoinfiammatorie, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
Mahmoud MajeedKing Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Safiya Al AbrawiDepartment of Child Health, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman.
Mada YateemKing Fahad Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-0504-0266
Ashwag AlharthiSecurity Forces Hospital in Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Sima Al-SaoudDepartment of Pediatrics, Al-Quds University, Abu Dis, Palestine, State of.
Anas M AlazamiDepartment of Translational Genomics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Alhanouf AlSaleem *Pediatric Rheumatology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo characterise the clinical, immunologic and molecular genetic features of monogenic lupus in a large, ethnically diverse paediatric cohort and to evaluate genotype-phenotype correlations.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective multicentre study of 100 children with genetically confirmed monogenic lupus diagnosed before the age of 14 years. Patients were enrolled between 2000 and 2025 from centres in Saudi Arabia, Iran, Russia, Italy, Palestine and Oman. Demographic data, clinical manifestations, immunological findings, genetic results, treatments and outcomes were systematically analysed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between specific genotypes and clinical phenotypes.

resultsThe median age at onset was 24 months, with 69% of patients carrying homozygous pathogenic mutations. The most frequently implicated genes were

conclusionThis large international cohort highlights the clinical and genetic heterogeneity of monogenic lupus.

Indexed as

Complement C1qLupus Erythematosus, SystemicAdolescentAge of OnsetChildChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesEndodeoxyribonucleasesFemaleGenetic Association StudiesGenotypeHumansInfantIranItalyMaleComplement C1qDNASE1L3 protein, humanEndodeoxyribonucleasesAntibodiesAutoimmune DiseasesGlucocorticoidsLupus Erythematosus, SystemicLupus Nephritis

Identifiers

PMID41850754
PMCPMC13007097

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.