SynthesisAmerican journal of clinical dermatology2026
Exposome Risk Factors for Vitiligo: A Systematic Evidence Review.
Synthesis in American journal of clinical dermatology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Robustness Analyses Substantially Narrow in silico Network-Toxicology Signals Linking Selected Pharmaceuticals and Caffeine to Vitiligo.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVitiligo is a multi-factorial autoimmune skin disorder often triggered by environmental exposures. Although the exposome has gained attention, no systematic review has fully assessed its role in vitiligo.
objectiveWe aimed to evaluate evidence linking exposomal factors to vitiligo onset and progression, focusing on quantifiable associations and study quality.
methodsA systematic search of PubMed and Embase (inception to 25 August, 2024) followed PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) 2020 guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024529828). Eligible studies reported associations between environmental exposures and vitiligo onset, flares, or progression. Observational studies, case series, clinical trials, and pharmacovigilance reports were included. Findings were synthesized narratively.
resultsOf 8377 records, 496 studies met inclusion criteria. Drug-associated vitiligo, particularly from immune checkpoint inhibitors, was the most robustly supported association (7-25% in patients with melanoma). Phenol-based chemicals were consistently linked to melanocyte toxicity. Coronavirus disease 2019 infection modestly increased risk (hazard ratio ≈ 1.11), while vaccination did not. Other factors such as stress (n = 113), trauma, sunburn, smoking, diet, and sleep were frequently cited but supported by lower-level evidence. Study heterogeneity, a lack of standardized outcomes, and the predominance of observational designs limited meta-analysis and causal inference.
conclusionsThese findings highlight the environmental triggers of vitiligo onset and progression. Drugs, chemicals, and infections are key triggers; lifestyle factors require further study.
Indexed as
Identifiers
41849116What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.