ArticleBioprocess and biosystems engineering2026
Harnessing biofilm colonizers: alleviate light limitation and boost nutrients removal via phosphorus-accumulating and photo-related microbes.
Article in Bioprocess and biosystems engineering, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Inadequate light penetration restricts the synergy of algae-bacteria. To address this issue, carriers were employed to immobilize microalgae close to the light source. Among the eight carrier candidates, velvet was the best to construct a dual-zone system (upper biofilm /lower floc under light gradient). The role of biofilm on pollutant removal was aeration-dependent: negligible at 50 mL/min air supply, evident for NH4+-N removal at 25 mL/min, essential for C, N, P removal under non-aeration condition. The loading of velvet biofilm boosted P removal from 34% to 96% and NH4+-N removal from 42% to 65%. Furthermore, it created a “oxygen pump”, maintaining O2 nearby biofilm 1.5 times higher than that in the floc. Besides, carrier selectively enriched polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs, Caldilineaceae, Illumatobacter, Comamonadaceae, and Flavobacterium), photo-related microbes (OM60NOR5, Synechocystis, Rhodobacteraceae), and ammonia-oxidizing bacterium JG30-KF-CM45. Biofilm enhanced key P removal genes (ppk and ppx), whereas flocs favored N removal genes. This study verifies that carrier immobilization is an effective strategy for alleviating light and oxygen limitations, especially for P removal in algae-bacteria system.
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