Respiratory syncytial virus infection induces heterologous protection against SARS-CoV-2 through γδ T cell-mediated trained immunity and the activation of SARS-CoV-2-reactive mucosal T cells.
Awadalkareem Adam, Wenzhe Wu, Madison C Jones, Haiping Hao, Aditi, Parimal Samir, Xiaoyong Bao, Tian Wang
Article in Journal of virology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Awadalkareem AdamDepartment of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.
Wenzhe WuDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.
Madison C JonesDepartment of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.
Haiping HaoDepartment of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.
AditiDepartment of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.
Parimal SamirDepartment of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7655-5713
Xiaoyong BaoDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.
Tian WangDepartment of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1511-0793
Funding
Revolutionary Eilat-based Chikungunya Vaccine VectorR01AI127744 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON · PI WANG, TIAN · 2017 to 2021
$3.5M
Role of microglia in neural infectionR01NS125778 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON · PI Tian Wang, Ping Wu · 2022 to 2026
$2.5M
tRNA-derived RNA Fragments (tRF) as Prognostic and Diagnostic Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s DiseaseR61AG075725 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON · PI BAO, XIAOYONG, FANG, XIANG · 2023 to 2025
$2.4M
Gammadelta T cell Regulation of Adaptive Immunity in West Nile Virus InfectionR01AI072060 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON · PI WANG, TIAN · 2008 to 2012
$1.9M
tRNA-derived RNA Fragments and their Role in Nasal SARS-CoV-2 InfectionR21AI166543 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON · PI BAO, XIAOYONG · 2022 to 2023
$680k
Novel Hamster Models of Chikungunya Viral ArthritisR21AI178135 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON · PI WANG, TIAN, WANG, ZHONGDE · 2024 to 2025
Respiratory viruses can infect hosts concurrently or sequentially, potentially influencing each other's pathogenic trajectory. However, the underlying immune mechanisms governing these interactions remain poorly understood. In this study, we examined whether respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection modulates host susceptibility to subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection using two murine models. We found that prior RSV infection conferred dose- and time-dependent heterologous protection against SARS-CoV-2. Transcriptomic and immunological analyses revealed that RSV activated lung antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and SARS-CoV-2-reactive mucosal T cells by day 9 post-infection, with responses waning by 1 month. RSV also promoted expansion of pulmonary γδ T cells and upregulation of their metabolic pathways. Notably, RSV-infected TCRδ⁻
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.