Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41846964›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026

Chondroitin sulfate degradation bolsters

Benjamin C Hunt, Vitus Brix, Namrata Deka, Brian S Learman, Aimee L Brauer, Brianna M Shipman, Nicole De Nisco, Chelsie E Armbruster

Abstract readPreprint
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Benjamin C HuntDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Vitus BrixDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Namrata DekaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Brian S LearmanDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Aimee L BrauerDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Brianna M ShipmanDepartment of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA.
Nicole De NiscoDepartment of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7670-5301
Chelsie E ArmbrusterDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2165-2759

Funding

The urothelial glycosaminoglycan layer: composition and contribution to pathogen fitness during catheter-associated urinary tract infectionR01DK136875 · NIDDK · STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO · PI Chelsie Elizabeth Armbruster · 2024 to 2026
$1.9M
Impact of polymicrobial interactions and within-host adaptation on CAUTI pathogenesisR01DK140371 · NIDDK · STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO · PI Chelsie Elizabeth Armbruster · 2025 to 2026
$1.6M
Proteus mirabilis RTX proteins: Role in polymicrobial biofilm formation and pathogenesis of catheter associated urinary tract infectionF32AI183755 · NIAID · STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO · PI Benjamin Carter Hunt · 2024 to 2026
$234k
NIAID NIH HHS F32 AI183755NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK136875NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK140371
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are negatively charged polysaccharides composed of repeating disaccharide units and are essential components of the extracellular matrix throughout numerous tissues. The bladder urothelium has a thick protective GAG layer that primarily consists of chondroitin sulfate (CS), heparan sulfate (HS), and hyaluronic acid (HA), and urinary tract pathogens must either degrade or otherwise circumvent this layer to infect the urothelium. In this study, we investigated GAG degradation by

Identifiers

PMID41846964
PMCPMC12991141

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.