ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026
Phage protease enzymes activate CBASS antiphage immunity.
Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Cyclic oligonucleotide-based antiphage signaling systems (CBASS) are immunity pathways in bacteria that use a cGAS/DncV-like nucleotidyltransferase (CD-NTase) enzyme to sense phage infection and initiate antiviral defense. Bacteria encode thousands of diverse CBASS operons, demonstrating a critical role for CD-NTase activation in controlling the prokaryotic response to viral infection. Here we discover proteolytic cleavage by phage prohead proteases as a mechanism of CD-NTase activation and demonstrate that diverse CBASS operons function as molecular sensors of protease activity. We reconstitute CBASS recognition of phage T4 infection
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