ArticleCureus2026
Evaluation of Serum Levels of IL-17 and IL-22 in Leprosy: A Case-Control Study.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Coinfection of Leprosy and American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Case Report From Ceará, Brazil.Case reports in medicine · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLeprosy exhibits a wide clinical spectrum that is largely determined by host immune responses. Recent evidence suggests an important role of the Th17/Th22 axis in disease activity and lepra reactions. PRIMARY
objectiveThis study aimed to compare serum interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-22 levels between patients with leprosy and age- and sex-matched healthy controls. SECONDARY
objectivesThis study also aimed (i) to evaluate the variation of serum IL-17 and IL-22 levels across the Ridley-Jopling spectrum of leprosy; (ii) to assess their association with lepra reactional states; and (iii) to explore the relationship of these cytokines with slit-skin smear status and disease duration.
methodsThis cross-sectional case-control study included a total number of 68 patients, with 34 clinically and histopathologically confirmed leprosy patients and 34 age- and sex-matched healthy controls attending Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, a tertiary care centre in North India. Serum IL-17 and IL-22 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Patients were classified according to the Ridley-Jopling spectrum, and reactional states were analysed separately.
resultsMean serum IL-17 and IL-22 levels were significantly higher in leprosy patients than in controls (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Both cytokines varied significantly across the Ridley-Jopling spectrum (p < 0.001). The highest IL-17 levels were observed in erythema nodosum leprosum and reversal reaction (n = 10 (29.4%)), whereas IL-22 levels were markedly elevated in borderline and reactional forms. IL-22 levels were significantly higher in slit skin smear-negative patients (n = 14 (41.2%)), while IL-17 did not show a significant association with smear status.
conclusionElevated serum IL-17 and IL-22 levels, particularly in borderline and reactional forms of leprosy, support a contributory role of the Th17/Th22 axis in disease immunopathogenesis and highlight their potential utility as biomarkers of inflammatory activity in lepra reactions.
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