Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41845869›Full record

Trial reportBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2026

Early clinical pharmacology evaluation of the novel anti-inflammatory macrolide, glasmacinal (EP395): tolerability, pharmacokinetics and drug interactions.

Dave Singh, Kate Hanrott, Olof Breuer, Johan Bylund, Björn Schultze, Virginia Norris

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04819854 phase1completednot on this map

A First-in Man, Phase I Study Investigating the Safety and Tolerability of EP395 in Healthy Volunteers

TypeinterventionalSponsorEpiEndo PharmaceuticalsRan2021 to 2022Enrolled78ConditionsAdult ALLArmsEP395, Placebo
NCT06118684 phase1completednot on this map

An Open-label, Healthy Subject, Two-part Study to Assess the Effect of Verapamil on Systemic Exposure of EP395 (Part A), and to Assess the Effect of EP395 on Systemic Exposure of Midazolam and Digoxin (Part B)

TypeinterventionalSponsorEpiEndo PharmaceuticalsRan2023 to 2024Enrolled37ConditionsChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbation, COPDArmsEP395 (Part A and B), Verapamil (Part A), Midazolam (Part B), Digoxin (Part B)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Dave SinghThe Medicines Evaluation Unit, Manchester, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8918-7075
Kate HanrottEpiEndo Pharmaceuticals, Reykjavík, Iceland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9629-8491
Olof BreuerEpiEndo Pharmaceuticals, Reykjavík, Iceland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0945-8736
Johan BylundCTC Clinical Trial Consultants AB, Uppsala, Sweden.
Björn SchultzeCTC Clinical Trial Consultants AB, Uppsala, Sweden.
Virginia NorrisEpiEndo Pharmaceuticals, Reykjavík, Iceland.

Funding

EpiEndo Pharmaceuticals
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsThis work assessed the pharmacokinetics (PK), safety and tolerability of glasmacinal (EP395, an oral anti-inflammatory macrolide with negligible antimicrobial activity in development for COPD treatment) in two healthy participant trials: 'first-in-human' (FIH) and 'drug-drug-interaction' (DDI).

methodsThe FIH trial was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of single (20-750 mg) and multiple (120-375 mg daily for 28 days) doses of glasmacinal. The DDI trial was an open-label assessment of the effect of verapamil (moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor and P-gp inhibitor) on the PK of glasmacinal, and the effect of glasmacinal on the PK of midazolam (CYP3A4 substrate) and digoxin (P-gp substrate).

resultsNo SAEs or severe AEs occurred, and no AEs considered related to glasmacinal led to withdrawal. Glasmacinal was rapidly absorbed, reaching peak plasma concentrations at ~4 h post-dose and a terminal half-life ~70 h. Glasmacinal systemic exposure (C

conclusionsGlasmacinal was well tolerated in single doses up to 750 mg and repeat doses up to 375 mg. Glasmacinal may be a victim of selected drugs that impact CYP3A4 and/or P-gp but is unlikely to be a perpetrator of clinically relevant DDIs.

Indexed as

Anti-Inflammatory AgentsMacrolidesAdultArea Under CurveCytochrome P-450 CYP3ACytochrome P-450 CYP3A InhibitorsDigoxinDose-Response Relationship, DrugDouble-Blind MethodDrug InteractionsFemaleHalf-LifeHumansMaleMidazolamMiddle AgedAnti-Inflammatory AgentsCYP3A4 protein, humanCytochrome P-450 CYP3ACytochrome P-450 CYP3A InhibitorsDigoxinMacrolidesMidazolamVerapamildigoxindrug–drug‐interactionmacrolidemidazolampharmacokineticsverapamil

Identifiers

PMID41845869
PMCPMC13304240

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.