ArticleBMC medical education2026
Assessing the innovation competency and entrepreneurial capacity of health students in Vietnam: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC medical education, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInnovation competency and entrepreneurial capacity have emerged as essential factors for future healthcare professionals in the context of digital transformation and complex patient demands. While global medical education has incorporated innovation training, research on innovation competency and entrepreneurial capacity among Vietnamese health students and related factors remains limited.
objectivesThis study aims to assess the current level of innovation competency and entrepreneurial capacity among Vietnamese health students and identify factors associated with their development.
methodA cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2025 to July 2025, involving 370 students from various health-related majors across Vietnam. Participants completed an innovation competency scale based on Chell & Athayde’s (2009) five domain model and a validated entrepreneurial capacity questionnaire, developed based on Turker’s (2009) methodological proposal for scale development. The innovation competency scale includes creativity, leadership, energy, self-efficacy, and risk propensity, while the entrepreneurial capacity questionnaire consists of 4 domains of entrepreneurial capacity: management and business competency, entrepreneurial capacity, human resources competency, and interpersonal competency. Data were collected via an online survey and analysed using RStudio software, applying descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA and regression.
resultsThe mean scores of participants’ innovation competency and entrepreneurial capacity were 137.06/217 (SD = 28.91) and 173.40/280 (SD = 35.20), respectively. Significant differences in innovation competency were observed across gender (p = 0.044), academic year (p < 0.001), major (p = 0.043), and geographic region (p = 0.005). Entrepreneurial capacity differed significantly by gender (p < 0.001) and academic year (p = 0.008). Linear mixed-effects model analysis revealed that participation in entrepreneurship courses, competitions, practice opportunities, and strong educational performance were positively associated with entrepreneurship education performance (p < 0.05).
conclusionThe findings contribute to existing research by offering one of the first integrated assessments of innovation competency and entrepreneurial capacity among health students in Vietnam amidst a rapidly transforming context of healthcare education. Overall, Vietnamese health students showed strong motivation and solid understanding in management and business; however, skills related to opportunity recognition, leadership, risk propensity, and communication remain limited. This suggests that current training emphasizes theory over practice. Educational interventions such as experiential learning, leadership training, and risk management workshops would contribute to innovation and entrepreneurial capacity among Vietnamese health students.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.