ArticleBMC ophthalmology2026
High myopia extends beyond a refractive error: evidence from fixation stability and reading-related saccadic eye movements.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeThis study aimed to evaluate fixation stability and reading-related saccadic eye movements in high myopes compared to emmetropic controls.
methodsIn this cross-sectional study, 29 emmetropic and 23 high myopic participants were included. Participants underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examination, axial length measurement, and infrared eye-tracking software (Clinical Eye Tracker, Hatfield, UK). Fixation stability was assessed via bivariate contour ellipse area (BCEA) derived from raw gaze data during a 10-second binocular fixation task. Saccadic parameters during reading (reading speed, regression count, fixation count, and duration) were analyzed. Statistical comparisons used independent t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests.
resultsHigh myopes showed significantly higher BCEA values (BCEA 68%: 2.338 ± 0.020 vs. 0.865 ± 0.017 deg², p < 0.001), indicating reduced fixation stability. Reading speed was similar (259.34 ± 17.21 vs. 249.11 ± 24.49 words/min, p = 0.095), but regressions (18.26 ± 5.84 vs. 10.10 ± 2.17, p < 0.001), total number of fixations (99.12 ± 9.87 vs. 63.26 ± 4.24, p < 0.001) increased, and mean fixation duration decreased (160.43 ± 36.11 vs. 349.12 ± 34.73 ms, p < 0.001).
conclusionHigh myopia is associated with fixation instability and compensatory saccadic changes during reading. These findings highlight myopia’s oculomotor impacts beyond refraction and suggest eye-tracking metrics as biomarkers for functional impairment.
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