ArticleScientific reports2026
Chlorogenic acid and gallic acid synergistically reduce hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in diabetic BALB/c mice.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Given the multifactorial nature of diabetes and limitations of conventional monotherapies, combination therapies involving natural bioactive compounds offer a complementary strategy for more effective management. This study investigated the antidiabetic potential of chlorogenic acid (CGA) and gallic acid (GA), individually and in combination, using in silico, in vitro and in vivo approaches. Pharmacokinetic and molecular docking analyses were conducted to assess drug-likeness and target interactions. Antioxidant activity and α-amylase inhibition were evaluated in vitro, while therapeutic efficacy was assessed in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced (STZ-NA) diabetic mice. In silico analysis revealed favorable ADMET profiles and strong binding affinities of CGA and GA to key diabetic targets, including α-amylase, DPP4, PPARγ, TNF-α and IL-6, surpassing metformin. The combination showed enhanced antioxidant and α-amylase enzyme inhibitory activity compared to individual compounds. In vivo findings using an STZ-NA-induced type II diabetic mouse model demonstrated a significant reduction in blood glucose (p < 0.0001) and improvement in lipid profile upon oral supplementation. Both compounds showed a decline in gene expression of TNF-α, TGF-β and IL-6 while enhancing the level of PPARγ. Additionally, hepatic markers (ALT, AST and ALP) were significantly reduced (p < 0.05), suggesting hepatoprotective effects. Histological analysis revealed restoration of pancreatic and liver tissues. Notably, the combination of both compounds exhibited a greater antidiabetic effect than the individual compounds and the standard antidiabetic drug (metformin). Given their favorable pharmacokinetic profile, affinity for multiple antidiabetic targets and synergistic antidiabetic activities both in vitro and in vivo, CGA-GA combination may offer a safer alternative to current therapies. These findings warrant further investigation of this combination strategy for more effective diabetes management.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.