Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41843622›Full record

ArticlePLoS genetics2026

Mechanistic dissection of GRHL2 and PR transcriptional co-regulation in breast cells.

Marleen T Aarts, Anna Nordin, Claudio Cantù, Antonius L van Boxtel, Renée van Amerongen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PLoS genetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Defining the DNA Binding Specificity of GRHL2.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Marleen T AartsDevelopmental, Stem Cell & Cancer Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2327-4480
Anna NordinWallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5868-4797
Claudio CantùWallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1547-5415
Antonius L van BoxtelDevelopmental, Stem Cell & Cancer Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6649-3807
Renée van AmerongenDevelopmental, Stem Cell & Cancer Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8808-2092

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gene expression is controlled by complex transcriptional networks in which transcription factors and their cognate enhancer elements integrate developmental and environmental cues. The progesterone receptor (PR), a hormone-activated transcription factor, is essential for breast development and physiology, yet how it engages with the chromatin and lineage-specific cofactors remains unclear. Using an unbiased approach, we identify the epithelial transcription factor grainyhead-like 2 (GRHL2) as a key co-regulator of PR activity in hormone responsive breast cancer cells. We show that GRHL2 interacts with PR in a progesterone-independent manner. Upon progesterone stimulation, GRHL2 and PR are both recruited to distal enhancer elements of target genes. Furthermore, GRHL2- and PR-bound elements connect spatially through chromatin looping to regulate shared targets. These findings uncover a previously unrecognized mechanism by which GRHL2 and PR coordinate gene regulation through both chromatin binding and 3D genome architecture modification, positioning GRHL2 as a crucial modulator of steroid hormone receptor function.

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsDNA-Binding ProteinsReceptors, ProgesteroneTranscription FactorsCell Line, TumorChromatinEnhancer Elements, GeneticFemaleGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansProgesteroneTranscription, GeneticChromatinDNA-Binding ProteinsGRHL2 protein, humanProgesteroneReceptors, ProgesteroneTranscription Factors

Identifiers

PMID41843622
PMCPMC13008249

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.