ArticleTAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik2026
A mutation in CsBRP1, encoding a PHD-type domain-containing protein, causes semi-dwarfism in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.).
Article in TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
keymessageA novel semi-dwarf cucumber mutant (sd), identified from an EMS mutagenesis screen, was characterized as being caused by a single-nucleotide mutation in CsBRP1-a gene encoding a PHD-type domain-containing protein-a function in regulating plant architecture that was further verified by VIGS. Plant height is a key agronomic trait influencing biomass and yield in crops. Semi-dwarf varieties can improve planting density and light use efficiency, thereby increasing yield. In this study, we identified a semi-dwarf mutant (sd) from an EMS-mutagenized cucumber population, which displayed compact growth, smaller dark green leaves, and normal fertility. Genetic analysis revealed the trait is controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene. Microscopic observation showed the dwarfism was mainly due to shortened internode cell length. Using BSA-seq and fine mapping in an F₂ population from a cross between sd and the wild type (CCMC), the candidate region was initially located within a 4.27 Mb interval on chromosome 3 and further narrowed to 183.7 kb between markers SNP6-1 and SNP6-3. Sequencing identified CsBRP1 as the causal gene, encoding a PHD-type domain-containing protein. A G → A point mutation in the first exon introduced a premature stop codon, resulting in a truncated protein lacking the PHD domain. qRT-PCR showed CsBRP1 was expressed in multiple tissues, with significantly lower expression in sd. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of CsBRP1 recapitulated the semi-dwarf phenotype, confirming its role in regulating plant architecture. RNA-seq analysis indicated that the sd mutant had upregulated ribosome and histone modification-related genes and downregulated hormone signaling genes, especially auxin-related genes. These results suggest CsBRP1 regulates semi-dwarfism through hormonal and epigenetic pathways. This study reveals the role of CsBRP1 in cucumber plant architecture and provides a basis for further dissection of crop development mechanisms.
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