Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41843053›Full record

ArticleExperimental & applied acarology2026

DNA barcoding reveals cryptic diversity in chiggers (Trombiculidae) parasitizing small mammals across Peninsular Malaysia.

Muhammad Al Amin Mohd-Redzuan, Praveena Rajasegaran, Nurul Aini Husin, Muhammad H Syarriman AbdulRahim, Auni Atikah AbdulHalim, Muhammad Rasul Abdullah Halim, Nurul Ashikin Abdullah, Edley A Jiliun, Jing Jing Khoo, Sazaly AbuBakar and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Experimental & applied acarology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Muhammad Al Amin Mohd-RedzuanHigher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-4743-0504
Praveena RajasegaranHigher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3024-5300
Nurul Aini HusinHigher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-5980-4174
Muhammad H Syarriman AbdulRahimHigher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
Auni Atikah AbdulHalimHigher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
Muhammad Rasul Abdullah HalimInstitute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8263-794X
Nurul Ashikin AbdullahInstitute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1111-2732
Edley A JiliunDepartment of Wildlife and National Park Peninsular Malaysia, KM10 Jalan Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56100, Malaysia.
Jing Jing KhooInstitute of Infection, Veterinary & Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L3 5RF, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1285-6052
Sazaly AbuBakarHigher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9267-1420
Benjamin L MakepeaceInstitute of Infection, Veterinary & Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L3 5RF, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6100-6727
Zubaidah Ya'cobHigher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia. zyacob@um.edu.my.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7178-6122

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chiggers (Acariformes: Trombiculidae) are ectoparasites of small mammals and important vectors of scrub typhus, yet their taxonomy and molecular diversity in Southeast Asia remain poorly resolved. This study represents the first DNA barcoding and phylogenetic assessment of chiggers from small mammals across Peninsular Malaysia, integrating mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear (28 S rDNA) genes. A total of 192 chiggers representing 11 morphospecies from six genera were sequenced, with tree topologies inferred using maximum likelihood and supported by multiple species delimitation methods. The COI gene discriminated five species as monophyletic, while analysis of the 28 S rDNA gene clarified phylogenetic relationships within Walchia and Leptotrombidium. Discordance between morphological and molecular boundaries in several taxa, particularly Gahrliepia fletcheri, Leptotrombidium deliense, and Walchiella oudemansi, suggests the existence of cryptic lineages and potential regional diversification. Importantly, this study provides the first molecular records for eight species, including the only barcodes from the genera Gahrliepia and Walchiella worldwide. These findings provide important resources for the molecular identification of Southeast Asian chiggers and underscore the need for integrative approaches combining morphology, molecular data, and biogeography to resolve complex species boundaries and improve vector surveillance for mite-borne diseases.

Indexed as

Genetic VariationTrombiculidaeAnimalsArthropod ProteinsDNA Barcoding, TaxonomicElectron Transport Complex IVMalaysiaMammalsPhylogenyRNA, Ribosomal, 28SArthropod ProteinsElectron Transport Complex IVRNA, Ribosomal, 28S28S rDNAIntegrative taxonomyMitochondrial COISpecies delimitation.

Identifiers

PMID41843053
PMCPMC12995982

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.