In one paragraphObservational study in Stroke, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01934725 (Searching for Explanations for Cryptogenic Stroke in the Young), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
2 · The registryThe trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Searching for Explanations for Cryptogenic Stroke in the Young: Revealing the Etiology, Triggers, and Outcome (SECRETO)
TypeobservationalSponsorSECRETO Study ConsortiumRan2013 to 2031Enrolled1,200ConditionsBrain Infarction, Ischemic Stroke, Thrombosis, Foramen Ovale, Patent
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
4 · The recordCorrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
5 · Who and what moneyAuthors and funding
29 authors.
Barbara M HulsenDepartment of Neurology (B.M.H., N.M.-M., L.T., J.P.), Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0009-0004-3775-4815 Nicolas Martinez-MajanderDepartment of Neurology (B.M.H., N.M.-M., L.T., J.P.), Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0001-8489-7051 Lauri TulkkiDepartment of Neurology (B.M.H., N.M.-M., L.T., J.P.), Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0003-2823-8574 Tomi SarkanenDepartment of Neurology, Tampere University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of Pirkanmaa, and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Finland (T. Sarkanen).ORCID 0000-0001-8815-2807 Petra RedforsDepartment of Neurology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden (P.R.).ORCID 0000-0001-5956-4255 Juha HuhtakangasDepartment of Neurology, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Finland (J.H.).ORCID 0000-0001-7143-519X Pauli YlikotilaDepartment of Neurology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Finland (P.Y.).ORCID 0009-0002-4126-9666 Nilufer YesilotDepartment of Neurology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Turkey (N.Y.).ORCID 0000-0002-9655-9487 Ulrike Waje-AndreassenDepartment of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (U.W.-A.).ORCID 0000-0003-3240-6040 Ana Catarina FonsecaDepartment of Neurology, Hospital de Santa Maria, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal (A.C.F.).ORCID 0000-0001-6913-5526 Patricia Martínez-SánchezDepartment of Neurology, Torrecardenas University Hospital, University of Almería, Spain (P.M.-S.).ORCID 0000-0003-1945-4435 Phillip FerdinandNeurosciences, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, UK (P.F.).
Alessandro PezziniDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma and Stroke Care Program, Department of Emergency, Parma University Hospital, Italy (A.P.).ORCID 0000-0001-8629-3315 Marialuisa ZeddeNeurology Unit, Stroke Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Italy (M.Z.).ORCID 0000-0001-7530-818X Juha SinisaloDepartment of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Center (J.S.), Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-0169-5137 Eva GerdtsCenter for Research on Cardiac Disease in Women, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway (E.G.).ORCID 0000-0003-4109-2311 Tuukka A HelinDepartment of Clinical Chemistry, HUS Diagnostic Center (T.A.H., L.J.-K.), Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-5273-8088 Lotta Joutsi-KorhonenDepartment of Clinical Chemistry, HUS Diagnostic Center (T.A.H., L.J.-K.), Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-7355-2354 Tímea SzántóCoagulation Disorders Unit, Department of Hematology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Comprehensive Care Centre of Hemophilia and Allied Disorders (EAHAD), Helsinki University Hospital, Finland (T. Szántó).ORCID 0000-0001-7006-6564 Armin J GrauDepartment of Neurology, Klinikum Ludwigshafen, Germany (F.P., A.J.G.).
Frank-Erik de LeeuwDepartment of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, The Netherlands (F.-E.d.L.).ORCID 0000-0003-2221-3026 Jukka PutaalaDepartment of Neurology (B.M.H., N.M.-M., L.T., J.P.), Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-6630-6104 Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
6 · The paper itselfAbstract
backgroundInfections might transiently trigger ischemic stroke through thromboinflammatory mechanisms, which may be especially relevant in young patients with cryptogenic ischemic stroke (CIS). This study assessed the association between infections, their characteristics, and coagulation biomarkers in young patients with CIS.
methodsThe SECRETO study is a multicenter case-control study at 19 European centers (2013-2022), enrolling first-ever patients with CIS aged 18 to 49 years and age- and sex-matched controls. Self-reported preceding infections within 3 months were assessed using a standardized questionnaire, and blood samples were collected at baseline and 3-month follow-up. The primary outcome was the association between preceding infections and CIS, analyzed using conditional logistic regression adjusted for demographic and vascular risk factors. Secondary outcomes were coagulation biomarkers (VWF [von Willebrand Factor], FVIII [factor VIII], fibrinogen, antithrombin III, and protein C) in relation to infection characteristics.
resultsAmong 537 matched pairs, infections in the preceding week were associated with 2.6-fold higher CIS odds (odds ratio, 2.64 [95% CI, 1.34-5.20]) after multivariable adjustment. VWF activity was higher in cases than in controls (122 IU/mL versus 100 IU/mL;
conclusionsThis multicenter case-control study shows that recent infections are associated with higher odds of early onset CIS. Stratified analyses indicate that VWF and factor VIII are more strongly associated with CIS in the presence of recent infections. Future studies should further elucidate infection-related thromboinflammatory mechanisms underlying CIS, including a potential increased sensitivity to inflammatory triggers, and explore whether preventive measures could reduce risk in this population. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT01934725.
Indexed as
Blood CoagulationInfectionsIschemic StrokeAdolescentAdultBiomarkersBrain IschemiaCase-Control StudiesFactor VIIIFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk Factorsvon Willebrand FactorYoung AdultBiomarkersFactor VIIIvon Willebrand Factorbiomarkersblood coagulationhemostasisinfectionischemic strokerisk factorsvon Willebrand Factor
Identifiers
PMID41841261
PMCPMC13117575
What OpenQuestion holds
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LicenceCC BY
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