Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41840904›Full record

ArticleSubstance use & misuse2026

Associations Between State Cannabis and Alcohol Policy Restrictiveness and College Students' Cannabis Use, Binge Drinking and Co-Use.

Haley M Hummel, David C R Kerr

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Substance use & misuse, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Haley M HummelSchool of Psychological Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
David C R KerrSchool of Psychological Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.

Funding

Implications of state alcohol policy for college students' binge drinking, suicidal behavior, and sexual assault victimizationR21AA030389 · NIAAA · OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY · PI KERR, DAVID C. R. · 2023 to 2023
$383k
NIAAA NIH HHS R21 AA030389
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionU.S. college students' cannabis use and binge drinking occur in the context of state-level substance policies. The Cannabis Policy Scale (CPS), a continuous measure of state policy restrictiveness, may offer greater nuance than policy categories such as recreational cannabis legalization for examining associations with substance use.

methodsCollege students (

resultsHigher CPS scores (more restrictive state cannabis policies) were associated with lower odds of student-level cannabis use (OR = 0.90; 95% CI = 0.87, 0.93;

conclusionsCollege students' substance use was sensitive to state cannabis policies after accounting for state alcohol policies. In states with less restrictive cannabis policies, cannabis use and co-use were more common, suggesting complementarity. Within non-legal states, more restrictive alcohol policies were linked to higher cannabis use odds, suggesting substitution. State CPS and APS scores may inform policymakers' efforts to reduce college students' substance use. Future studies should replicate findings in contemporary cohorts, explore social justice implications, and consider concurrent campus and community policies.

Indexed as

Alcohol Drinking in CollegeBinge DrinkingMarijuana SmokingMarijuana UsePublic PolicyStudentsAdolescentAdultFemaleHumansMaleUnited StatesUniversitiesYoung Adultalcoholalcohol policybinge drinkingcannabiscannabis policycollege studentsco-useprevention

Identifiers

PMID41840904
PMCPMC13635982

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.