ArticleBMC nursing2026
Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the Nursing Activities in the Care of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation-Supported Patients scale among Korean nurses: a methodological study.
Article in BMC nursing, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThe progressive integration of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) into critical care practice has substantially intensified the scope and complexity of nursing responsibilities within the intensive care unit (ICU). Valid and reliable tools are needed to objectively assess ICU nurses' activities regarding care of ECMO-supported patients (ECMO-SP). This study sought to produce a culturally adapted Korean translation of the Nursing Activities in the Care of ECMO-SP scale and to examine its psychometric assessment, including validity and reliability.
methodsThis methodological study was conducted from January to April 2024 among ICU nurses recruited from hospitals with more than 500 beds in the Seoul metropolitan area. To assess construct validity, a total of 100 nurses completed self-administered questionnaires for exploratory factor analysis, while 209 nurses were given the same ones for confirmatory factor analysis. The present study examined convergent, discriminant and criterion-related validity. Furthermore, internal consistency and test-retest reliability of the scale were evaluated.
resultsThe 19-item Korean version of the Nursing Activities in the Care of ECMO-SP scale yielded four factors-1) Nursing care of ECMO-SP not related to the ECMO device, 2) Activities on ECMO device during emergencies, 3) ECMO device calibrating and monitoring, and 4) Medication and blood administration through ECMO device. Standardized factor loadings showed that most items had loadings ≥ 0.60. AVE values ranged from 0.52 to 0.56 (all > 0.50), and CR values ranged from 0.78 to 0.88 (all ≥ 0.70), indicating adequate convergent validity and construct reliability. The scale also demonstrated good discriminant validity and positive correlations with patient safety nursing competency. The overall reliability of the scale was 0.92.
conclusionsImplementing the Nursing Activities in the Care of ECMO-SP scale may enhance the practice quality of novice nurses in Korean healthcare settings. Moreover, its application can support the development of ICU nurses' competencies in ECMO care. Future research involving psychometric validation across diverse hospital environments and multilingual adaptations is needed. This could improve the tool's generalizability and contribute to the standardization of ECMO nursing care.
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