ArticleBMC infectious diseases2026
Factors associated with preterm birth and low birth weight among syphilis-infected pregnant women.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW) among syphilis-infected pregnant women and to identify the factors associated with these outcomes.
methodsSyphilis-infected pregnant women and their newborns in Changsha City between 2013 and 2023 were investigated. Chi-square trend tests were used to determine trends in the rates of PTB and LBW among syphilis-infected pregnant women. Binary logistic regression models and adjusted odds ratios (AOR) were used to identify factors associated with PTB and LBW among syphilis-infected pregnant women.
resultsThe overall rates of PTB and LBW among syphilis-infected pregnant women in Changsha City between 2013 and 2023 were 8.79% and 5.23%, respectively. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that factors associated with an increased odds of PTB among syphilis-infected pregnant women included maternal age ≥ 36 years (AOR = 1.43: 95% CI: 1.05–1.93), farmer (AOR = 1.56: 95% CI: 1.03–2.36), housework or unemployment (AOR = 1.56: 95% CI: 1.14–2.14), unmarried/divorced/widowed (AOR = 1.69: 95% CI: 1.09–2.60), and pregnancy-induced hypertension (AOR = 3.79: 95% CI: 1.68–8.54). In contrast, standardized treatment was associated with a reduced odds of PTB (AOR = 0.34: 95% CI: 0.21–0.55). Similarly, factors associated with an increased odds of LBW among syphilis-infected pregnant women included unmarried/divorced/widowed (AOR = 2.33: 95% CI: 1.49–3.65), pregnancy-induced hypertension (AOR = 3.81: 95% CI: 1.44–10.11), non-Treponema pallidum titer at diagnosis ≥ 1:8 (AOR = 1.46: 95% CI: 1.01–2.11), and stillbirth history (AOR = 2.15: 95% CI: 1.04–4.42). Standardized treatment was also was associated with a reduced odds of LBW (AOR = 0.45: 95% CI: 0.26–0.78).
conclusionIn summary, several factors were associated with PTB and LBW among syphilis-infected pregnant women. Our findings hold significant public health implications as some factors are modifiable or avoidable. Interventions such as promoting childbearing at optimal ages, preventing pregnancy-induced hypertension, and improving standardized treatment rates could potentially reduce the rate of PTB and LBW. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
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