ArticleBMC neurology2026
Clinical retrospective analysis of 14 cases of superficial siderosis of the central nervous system.
Article in BMC neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSuperficial siderosis of the central nervous system (SSCNS) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder resulting from chronic hemorrhage into the subarachnoid space. This study aims to summarize its clinical and paraclinical features to improve clinical recognition.
methodsWe retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 14 patients diagnosed with SSCNS at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Xuanwu Hospital between August 2011 and April 2023. Data on clinical manifestations, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), imaging findings, treatment, and prognosis were collected and summarized.
resultsAmong 14 patients (6 males, 8 females; mean age 53.1 years), the most common clinical manifestations were hearing loss (14/14, 100%), ataxia (12/14, 85.7%), and pyramidal tract dysfunction (12/14, 85.7%). Brain MRI revealed characteristic superficial siderosis in all cases, with susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) demonstrating superior sensitivity. Spinal cord involvement was observed in 13 patients (92.9%). CSF pressure predominantly falling within the normal range, while lumbar CSF exhibited signs of hemorrhage or yellowing, elevated red blood cell counts, and varying degrees of increased protein content. Sensorineural hearing loss was confirmed in 7/8 tested patients (87.5%). Potential bleeding sources were identified in 12 patients (85.7%), including prior surgery, trauma, and vascular abnormalities. Treatment was primarily symptomatic, with most patients (12/14) showing minimal improvement in core symptoms during hospitalization.
conclusionSuperficial siderosis of the central nervous system is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the clinical triad of hearing loss, ataxia, and pyramidal tract dysfunction. MRI, particularly T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and SWI sequences demonstrating a characteristic peripheral low-signal band, provides high diagnostic sensitivity and represents the cornerstone of diagnosis. Early identification remains challenging yet critical, while management should focus on locating the underlying bleeding source and providing comprehensive supportive care.
trial registrationNot applicable.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.