ArticleBMC plant biology2026
GmAux/IAA16 exerts a positive regulatory role in enhancing low-phosphorus stress tolerance in plants.
Article in BMC plant biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundPhosphorus (P) deficiency is a major constraint on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) productivity, a key global source of edible oil and protein. Enhancing low-phosphorus (LP) tolerance through improved phosphorus-use efficiency is therefore crucial for sustainable soybean cultivation.
resultsThis study elucidates the molecular mechanism by which GmAux/IAA16 regulates root morphogenesis and coordinates LP responses. Bioinformatics analysis showed that GmAux/IAA16 shares 92.43% sequence identity with its wild soybean (Glycine soja) ortholog, and subcellular localization confirmed its nuclear-specific accumulation. Stable overexpression of GmAux/IAA16 in tobacco via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation enhanced root development and maintained physiological stability under phosphate deprivation. Under LP stress, transgenic plants exhibited significant increases in key root enzyme activities: increased by 27.75% for indole‑3‑acetic acid oxidase (IAAO), 11.99% for superoxide dismutase (SOD), 42.59% for acid phosphatase (ACP), and 123.55% for catalase (CAT), alongside elevated ATP levels, reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, and increased proline (Pro) content. Furthermore, endogenous levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), jasmonic acid (JA), and salicylic acid (SA) were significantly higher in both leaves and roots, indicating a coordinated hormonal response that facilitates LP adaptation. Transcriptome analysis revealed that GmAux/IAA16 overexpression substantially reshapes the transcriptional landscape of tobacco roots under phosphorus stress.
conclusionThese findings demonstrate that GmAux/IAA16 positively regulates low-phosphorus tolerance, likely through cascading regulation of downstream phosphate-starvation response genes. This study provides novel insights into the role of the Aux/IAA gene family in soybean root development and phosphorus-use efficiency, and identifies GmAux/IAA16 as a promising genetic target for molecular breeding of phosphorus-efficient soybean cultivars.
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