Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41840393›Full record

ArticleAIDS care2026

Spatial mapping of HIV testing and antiretroviral therapy initiation uptake among the adolescents and youth in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

Mulugeta Shegaze Shimbre, Andrew Gibbs, Nondumiso Mthiyane, Jaco Dreyer, Natsayi Chimbindi, Nigel Garrett, Andrew Tomita, Maryam Shahmanesh

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In one paragraph

Article in AIDS care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Mulugeta Shegaze ShimbreDiscipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Andrew GibbsDepartment of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.
Nondumiso MthiyaneAfrica Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.
Jaco DreyerAfrica Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.
Natsayi ChimbindiAfrica Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.
Nigel GarrettDiscipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Andrew TomitaCentre for Rural Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Maryam ShahmaneshAfrica Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.

Funding

Maximizing combination HIV prevention, uptake and retention by adolescent girls and young womenR01MH114560 · NIMH · KWAZULU-NATAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE TB-HIV · PI SHAHMANESH, MARYAM · 2017 to 2023
$2.0M
The changing face of HIV in the era of COVID-19: Maximising HIV incidence reduction through dynamic targeting of current and future distributions of acquisition risk.R01MH131480 · NIMH · STELLENBOSCH UNIVERSITY · PI Henry Godwell Mwambi, Frank Courteney Tanser · 2023 to 2026
$2.0M
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH114560NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH131480Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study investigated the spatial distribution of HIV testing and antiretroviral therapy initiation among adolescents and youth in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, to inform the optimal allocation of HIV services. The sample included 5,352 participants aged 13-35 years from nested cohort studies within Africa's largest population-based prospective cohorts, with global positioning system data collected for all homesteads. HIV testing prevalence and ART initiation prevalence were mapped using a kernel density approach, and socio-demographic correlates were examined using multivariable regression. Kernel density mapping revealed substantial geographic disparities in HIV testing and ART initiation. Multivariable analysis showed that tertiary education (aβ: 4.53; 95% CI: 2.11, 6.88), rural residence (aβ: -31.14; 95% CI: -32.32, -29.65), and living within 3 km of a health facility (aβ: -2.42; 95% CI: -3.88, -0.96) were associated with HIV testing prevalence. ART initiation prevalence was associated with rural residence (aβ: -5.44; 95% CI: -7.38, -3.37), participation in HIV self-testing (aβ: 3.21; 95% CI: 0.64, 5.80), and lack of participation in STI screening and treatment (aβ: -1.22; 95% CI: -2.44, -0.03). Our research underscores the urgent need for addressing geographical access to HIV testing and treatment uptake amongst adolescents and youth in rural communities, and promoting HIV self-testing.

Indexed as

Anti-HIV AgentsAnti-Retroviral AgentsHIV InfectionsHIV TestingPatient Acceptance of Health CareRural PopulationAdolescentAdultFemaleHealth Services AccessibilityHumansMaleMass ScreeningPrevalenceProspective StudiesSouth AfricaAnti-HIV AgentsAnti-Retroviral AgentsAdolescentsGood health and well beingHIVSouth Africa

Identifiers

PMID41840393
PMCPMC13077126

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.