Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41839978›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Evaluating southern pigtail macaques as an immunological model for human antibody responses.

Veronica P Zoest, Wen Shi Lee, Robyn Esterbauer, Hyon-Xhi Tan, Jennifer A Juno, Adam K Wheatley

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Veronica P ZoestDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
Wen Shi LeeDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
Robyn EsterbauerDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
Hyon-Xhi TanDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
Jennifer A JunoDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
Adam K WheatleyDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia. a.wheatley@unimelb.edu.au.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antibody specificity is primarily derived from immunoglobulin (Ig) genes, which exhibit extensive genetic polymorphism both within and across species. Non-human primates (NHP) such as pigtail macaques are often used as preclinical models for immunological studies because of their genetic proximity to humans, despite a comparatively poor characterisation of their immunoglobulin loci and its impact on antibody specificity. To determine how pigtail macaque antibody responses differ from humans, we annotated the immunoglobulin loci of two pigtail macaques and compared BCR sequences and antigen binding sites of SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific antibodies derived from pigtail macaque or human B cells. Pigtail macaques showed high levels of genetic diversity across all three immunoglobulin loci. Spike-specific BCRs from a single pigtail macaque contained greater number of heavy chain variable genes compared to sequences obtained from six humans. Nevertheless, macaque antibodies targeted similar receptor binding domain (RBD) epitopes as humans. This work highlights the need for further understanding of the impacts of immunogenetics especially in light of recent advances in germline-based vaccine strategies.

Indexed as

Antibodies, ViralAntibody FormationCOVID-19Macaca nemestrinaSARS-CoV-2AnimalsAntibody SpecificityB-LymphocytesEpitopesHumansSpike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusAntibodies, ViralEpitopesSpike Glycoprotein, Coronavirusspike protein, SARS-CoV-2AntibodiesImmunogeneticsPigtail MacaqueSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID41839978
PMCPMC13125548

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.