ArticleJournal, genetic engineering & biotechnology2026
Direct organogenesis and genetic fidelity of papaya 'Red Lady' with improved acclimatization using foliar silicon and salicylic acid.
Article in Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundMicropropagation of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) cultivar 'Red Lady', a commercially the important tropical fruit crop, is a highly efficient biotechnological tool for the mass production of disease-free, genetically uniform, and high-quality planting material compared to conventional propagation methods that cause genetic segregation and disease susceptibility. SCoT is a vital molecular marker for detect genetic stability in plant micropropagation protocols. Accordingly, using SCoT markers to assess genetic stability among carica papaya L. cultivar 'Red Lady' plantlets.
resultsThe present study aimed to develop an efficient in vitro propagation protocol for papaya using leaves. The highest survival percentage, mean number and length of adventitious buds of papaya leaf segments (97.00 ± 2 %, 119.00 ± 1.53 and 4.8 ± 0.4 cm, respectively) were achieved by using 1.0 mg/l of meta-topoline (mT) after 12 weeks of culture. On the other hand, using 0.5 g/l mT without activated charcoal (AC) showed to give the highest shoot numbers/ explant (73.50 ± 1.0). During rooting stage, using 0.50 mg/l of IBA in combination with NAA at 0.25 mg/l is the most promising treatment that gave the highest significant percentage of rooting (74 ± 2.64 %). In acclimatization stage, 200 ppm silicon (Si) showed to give the most promising results for survival percentage (85 %) that were foliar sprayed and watered acclimatized plantlets with it. In current study, plantlets obtained by direct organogenesis, eight SCoT markers generated a total of 704 amplicons. Plantlets showed 0.90 genetic uniformity from mother plants during using 8 SCoT markers. These findings strongly support our micropropagation techniques is an vital methodology to generation carica papaya L. cultivar 'Red Lady'.
conclusionCompared with other in vitro propagation methods, direct organogenesis offers a faster and more reliable approach for producing true-to-type papaya plants. This regeneration pathway proved to be efficient, reproducible, and genetically stable, as no somaclonal variation was observed among the regenerated plantlets. Our protocol is controlled and reliable, as adventitious shoots transplanted more than 8 times are consistent with the genetic stability of first-generation donor material. Therefore, Si application can be considered an effective and co-friendly strategy to improve the success rate of acclimatization in tissue cultured plants. The findings of the study proved that there is a significant correlation between physiological parameters (CAT, MDA, stomatal density) and survival percentage.
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