Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41837169›Full record

ReviewRSC advances2026

Fluorine-containing FDA-approved small-molecule drugs in 2025: significance, synthetic insights, and therapeutic applications.

Shweta Mishra, Chetna Jadala, Savio Cardoza, Gal Reddy Potuganti, Ganga Reddy Velma

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in RSC advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Fluorination of amino-quinones enhances anti-RSC medicinal chemistry · 2026
    Article
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  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Shweta MishraDr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Sant Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri Pune 411018 India.
Chetna JadalaIndiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University (IU) Indianapolis IN 46202 USA.
Savio CardozaDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721 USA vgreddy@arizona.edu velmagangareddy47@gmail.com.
Gal Reddy PotugantiDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma 73019 USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1390-9526
Ganga Reddy VelmaDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721 USA vgreddy@arizona.edu velmagangareddy47@gmail.com.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5054-2519

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fluorine has been widely incorporated into small-molecule drugs as an effective strategy to modulate metabolic stability, lipophilicity, target interactions, and overall pharmacokinetic profile. As a result, fluorine-containing compounds remain well represented among newly approved therapeutics across a broad spectrum of disease areas; notably, in 2025, 14 of the 29 small-molecule drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) contained at least one fluorine atom, underscoring the continued relevance of fluorine in contemporary drug design. This annual review highlights the role of fluorine in modern medicinal chemistry by summarizing FDA-approved fluorine-containing small-molecule drugs in 2025. The review examines their therapeutic indications, molecular targets, and structural features, and outlines representative synthetic strategies used in their preparation. Overall, this review provides an updated perspective on the continued importance of fluorine chemistry in modern drug discovery and development.

Identifiers

PMID41837169
PMCPMC12983373

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.