Cross-sectional study exploring the characteristics of hospitalized patients admitted for acute pancreatitis who develop abdominal compartment syndrome in US hospitals.

Background: Factors affecting outcomes in patients with abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) associated with acute pancreatitis (AP) have not been well studied. Methods: All patients admitted with a diagnosis of AP or ACS between 2016 and 2022 were selected by using the relevant International Classification of Disease (ICD)-10 codes from the National Inpatient Sample. Multivariate binary logistic regression was used to assess the odds of mortality in the setting of ACS secondary to AP. Results: A total of 708 patients with AP and ACS were identified. Age and additional ICD-10 diagnoses, including sepsis, acute renal failure, malnutrition, intestinal obstruction, and ileus, were found to have statistically significant odds ratios. Older patients and those with sepsis and acute renal failure had greater odds of experiencing inpatient mortality. Conversely, those with malnutrition, ileus, and intestinal obstruction were found to have lower odds of inpatient mortality. Conclusions: Our results suggest a higher mortality in patients with older age, sepsis, and acute renal failure in the setting of ACS. It also seems that readily treated factors such as malnutrition, intestinal obstruction, and ileus are associated with lower odds of mortality.