ArticlePakistan journal of medical sciences2026
Sensitivity and Safety of Contrast-enhanced cystosonography in diagnosis of pediatric vesicoureteral reflux after urinary tract infection.
Article in Pakistan journal of medical sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the sensitivity and safety of contrast-enhanced cystosonography in the diagnosis of primary vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) after urinary tract infection (UTI) in infants. Methodology: This was a retrospective study. Infants diagnosed with VUR after UTI in Baoding Hospital, Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University were selected from July 2019 to May 2024. All the infants were subjected to contrast-enhanced cystosonography and voiding cystourethrography(VCUG). The detection rate of VUR by contrast-enhanced cystosonography and VCUG, as well as the consistency of VUR classification were analyzed. Results: The proportion of VUR diagnosed by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS) was 32.00%, which was significantly higher than 18.00% by VCUG(P< 0.05). The incidence of VUR was 38.23% and 43.75% in male and female infants, respectively, without statistically significant differences(P> 0.05). Among the male infants, the proportion of VUR diagnosed by CEUS was 20.58%, while the proportion by VCUG was 17.65%(P> 0.05). In the female infants, the proportion of VUR diagnosed by CEUS was 50.00%, which was significantly higher than 18.75% by VCUG (P< 0.05). VUR was diagnosed in 31.00% (31/100) pyelo-ureter units(PUUs) by CEUS, and in 18.00% (18/100) PUUs by VCUG, with good consistency(Kappa value, 0.547). The consistency of both methods in diagnosing VUR at different degrees was good, with higher diagnostic rates of Grade-II and III VUR. Conclusion: Both contrast-enhanced cystosonography and VCUG have high diagnostic value in the detection of infants with VUR after UTI. The value of contrast-enhanced cystosonography in the diagnosis of infants with UTI and VUR is higher.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.