Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41836656›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2026

Pregnancy-related anxiety in Saudi women: a national study of prevalence, predictors, and a framework for action.

Elhadi Miskeen, Dalia Alqarni, Nouf Alshammari, Ruba Degriri, Rufaydah Mesawa, Somaya Grami, Hind Alenzi, Khalid Nasralla Habeeballa Hashim, Abdullah M Alshahrani, Mohammed Eltag and 5 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Elhadi MiskeenDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia.
Dalia AlqarniDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia.
Nouf AlshammariDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Taibah, Saudi Arabia.
Ruba DegririDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Taibah, Saudi Arabia.
Rufaydah MesawaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Taibah, Saudi Arabia.
Somaya GramiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Taibah, Saudi Arabia.
Hind AlenziDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Taibah, Saudi Arabia.
Khalid Nasralla Habeeballa HashimDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah M AlshahraniDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed EltagAseer Health Cluster, Bisha, Saudi Arabia.
Muffarah Hamid AlharthiDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia.
Mohannad Mohammed S AlamriDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah M Al-ShahraniDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia.
Anum S HussainiDepartment of Global Health & Population, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.
Laila Yahya AlhubaishiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mohammed Bin Rashid University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Pregnancy-related anxiety is a significant maternal health concern associated with adverse outcomes for both mother and child. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and identify the predictors of pregnancy-related anxiety among women in Saudi Arabia, to inform evidence-based healthcare interventions. Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted among 687 Saudi women with pregnancy experience. The data were collected through an online survey using the Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire - Revised 2 (PRAQ-R2), a validated 10-item scale designed to measure specific anxieties related to pregnancy, childbirth, and fetal health. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors of pregnancy-related anxiety, adjusting for age, education, and occupation. Results: The prevalence of pregnancy-related anxiety was 71%. Significant predictors included older maternal age (40-50 years: OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.01-1.72, p = 0.04), history of pregnancy complications (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.18-1.78, p < 0.001), and prior dilatation and curettage (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.05-1.61, p = 0.02). Strong fears about delivery (OR = 2.10), labor pain (OR = 1.92), and the baby's health (OR = 1.85) were strongly associated with anxiety (all p < 0.001). Anxiety decreased as pregnancy progressed, with significant reductions in concerns about delivery, pain, and appearance across trimesters (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Pregnancy-related anxiety is highly prevalent among Saudi women and influenced by demographic, obstetric, and psychological factors. These findings support the integration of routine anxiety screening, targeted prenatal education addressing specific fears, and enhanced support for high-risk groups into Saudi Arabia's maternal healthcare system to improve pregnancy outcomes and maternal well-being.

Indexed as

conceptual frameworkevidence-to-actionmaternal mental healthpredictorspregnancy-related anxietyprevalenceSaudi Arabia

Identifiers

PMID41836656
PMCPMC12979941

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