ReviewFrontiers in immunology2026
TGF-β in hematologic malignancies: molecular functions and clinical applications.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Integrin α5β1 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Tumour‒stroma crosstalk, hypoxia and therapeutic targeting.Clinical and translational medicine · 2026Review
- Inflammatory Signatures in MDS: The Missing Link Between Genetics, Microenvironment, and Therapy.Cells · 2026Review
- The dual balance of the cytokine network: key messengers of immune activation and triggers of cytokine storm.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Comparative Molecular Insights and Computational Modeling of Multiple Myeloma and Osteosarcoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) represents a family of multifunctional cytokines, primarily secreted by megakaryocytes, monocytes, T lymphocytes, bone marrow stromal cells, and other cell types. TGF-β plays an essential role in various physiological processes, including the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and immune homeostasis. As a key immunoregulatory cytokine, TGF-β contributes to an immunosuppressive network within the microenvironment of hematologic malignancies by modulating the functions of both adaptive and innate immune cells. Current studies have shown that TGF-β is often highly expressed in major hematologic malignancies such as leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma (MM). It not only enhances immunosuppression by inhibiting effector T cell activation but also regulates tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, and drug resistance. Meanwhile, strategies targeting the TGF-β signaling pathway have shown potential to improve immunotherapy responses in preclinical models of hematologic malignancies. Several such agents have now entered early-phase clinical trials, offering a promising direction for enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy in these diseases. In this review, we outline the molecular mechanisms of TGF-β biosynthesis, activation, and signal transduction, discuss its functions across various immune cell types, and summarize recent progress and challenges in clinical research on TGF-β targeted therapies for hematologic disorders, with the aim of providing new perspectives for related treatment strategies.
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Registered trials
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