ArticleSAGE open medicine2026
Determinants of Late Antenatal Care Bookings Among Pregnant Women in Mangwe District, Zimbabwe: A Quantitative Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in SAGE open medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Timely initiation of antenatal care is critical for reducing maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Despite this, late initiation remains a significant public health challenge in rural Zimbabwe. This study aimed to assess the determinants of late antenatal care bookings among pregnant women in Mangwe District in 2025. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted between August 2024 and June 2025 among 171 pregnant women selected through systematic random sampling from five clinics. Data on socio-demographics, accessibility, and maternal factors were collected using a structured questionnaire deployed on Kobo Collect. The outcome variable was the timing of the first antenatal care visit, categorized as "late" (>20 weeks gestation). Data was analyzed in STATA version 15, using chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression to identify factors associated with late booking. Results: The prevalence of late antenatal care bookings was 50.9%. Significant determinants included lower educational attainment ( Conclusion: Five in 10 women had late antenatal care bookings in Mangwe District, which is predominantly driven by educational, economic, and knowledge-based barriers. To decrease late antenatal care bookings, interventions must prioritize targeted community health education, economic empowerment initiatives, and practical solutions to overcome transport and distance challenges.
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