ArticleACS omega2026
Electrical Properties of ZnO Nanoparticle-Embedded/Polyethylenimine-Functionalized Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Quantum Dot Nanocomposites.
Article in ACS omega, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
In this work, a sustainable solution-based route was employed to synthesize a ZnONPs/PEI N-GQDs nanocomposite by integrating zinc oxide nanoparticles into polyethylenimine-functionalized nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots. The primary optoelectronic properties of the synthesized material in liquid phase were evaluated by UV-Vis spectroscopy, and Tauc analysis indicated a direct optical band gap of approximately 3.0 eV. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy further revealed a red-shifted visible emission centered at ∼518 nm, attributed to defect- and interface-mediated radiative recombination between ZnONPs and PEI-functionalized N-GQDs. Complementary structural characterization using FTIR, XPS, and TEM confirmed the successful formation of the hybrid nanocomposite, evidencing the coexistence of ZnO nanoparticles and PEI-functionalized N-GQDs. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) was employed to elucidate the interfacial energy-level alignment, yielding a work function of ∼3.17 eV and indicating the formation of a Schottky contact at the metal/nanocomposite interface together with a type-II-like band alignment at the ZnONPs/PEI N-GQDs/n-Si junction. Two diode configurations were fabricated: a conventional Au/n-type Si Schottky diode and a heterojunction diode based on Au/ZnONPs/PEI N-GQDs/n-type Si. Their semilogarithmic current-voltage characteristics were systematically investigated under dark and illuminated conditions at room temperature. Compared with the Au/n-type Si reference, the heterojunction diode exhibited pronounced rectification and a significantly enhanced photoresponse. Illumination induced a substantial increase in reverse current due to photogenerated carriers, resulting in a decrease in the rectification ratio from 3.25 × 10
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