ArticleClinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)2026
Vitrectomy with Subretinal Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Submacular Hemorrhage: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis of Functional and Anatomical Outcomes Across Multiple Etiologies.
Article in Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate visual and anatomical outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with subretinal tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and gas or air tamponade for large submacular haemorrhage (SMH>4 disc diameters) of varied etiologies and assess postoperative anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) requirements in a multicenter real-world cohort. Patients and Methods: This retrospective, two-center study included 32 eyes undergoing PPV with subretinal tPA (25-50 µg/0.1-0.2 mL) and SF Results: Mean patient age was 60.8 ± 19.1 years; etiologies included polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV; 53.1%), neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD; 28.1%), trauma (12.5%), and retinal artery macroaneurysm (RAM; 6.3%). BCVA improved significantly from 1.13 ± 0.30 to 0.56 ± 0.26 logMAR ( Conclusion: PPV with subretinal tPA achieved rapid hemorrhage clearance, significant visual gain, and durable anatomical restoration with minimal complications and limited anti-VEGF need. It offers an effective, safe option for large SMH across etiologies, enabling timely foveal recovery and improved long-term functional outcomes.
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